Producción de bioetanol a partir de jacinto de agua (Eichhornia crassipes) respecto a otros materiales lignocelulósicos
Producción de bioetanol a partir de jacinto de agua (Eichhornia crassipes) respecto a otros materiales lignocelulósicos
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Se realizó una revisión general sobre la disponibilidad de materias primas en Colombia y de las diversas etapas de transformación que se recomiendan para la producción de etanol lignocelulósico en la actualidad. A lo largo de la exploración teórica realizada, se hizo una comparación con reportes existentes sobre la Eichhornia crassipes, con la finalidad de exponer diferencias y similitudes que permitan exaltar la importancia de ampliar las opciones de materias primas a la hora de considerar producir bioetanol. En lo referente a pretratamientos y métodos de hidrólisis de biomasa lignocelulósica, se hizo énfasis en los principios que rigen estos procedimientos. En este trabajo igualmente se presentan resultados preliminares sobre el aprovechamiento del jacinto de agua proveniente de embalses de las Empresas Públicas de Medellín (EPM) para la producción de bioetanol. Este esfuerzo responde a la necesidad de agrupar información valiosa, que ofrezca una perspectiva sobre las tecnologías que existen para producir este tipo de biocombustible y de cómo se han aplicado a diferentes fuentes, en particular el jacinto de agua.
Abstract
A general review was conducted about the availability of raw materials in Colombia and processing steps recommended in lignocellulosic ethanol production currently. With theoretical exploration was made a comparison with existing reports about the Eichhornia crassipes, in order to explain differences and similarities that allow exalt the importance of expanding commodity options when considering producing bioethanol. Regarding pretreatment and hydrolysis methods lignocellulosic biomass, the emphasis was on the principles governing these procedures. This paper also presents results of the utilization of Water Hyacinth reservoirs of Empresas Públicas de Medellín (EPM) for the production of bioethanol. This effort responds to the need to bring together valuable information that provides an overview of the technologies available to produce this type of biofuel and how they have been applied to various sources, in particular the Water Hyacinth.
Keywords: Lignocellulosic ethanol, Eichhornia crassipes, biomass pretreatment.
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